Abdominal Lipectomy
Surgical removal of excess skin and fat from the lower abdomen, often performed after significant weight loss.
Read more →Abdominoplasty
Abdominoplasty is a surgical body contouring procedure that removes excess abdominal skin and fat after significant weight loss.
Read more →Acanthosis Nigricans
Dark, velvety skin patches often caused by insulin resistance — commonly reversible with weight loss.
Read more →Acarbose
An oral diabetes medication that slows carbohydrate digestion and supports modest weight loss.
Read more →Accountability in Weight Loss
Regular check-ins and support from a healthcare team dramatically improve weight loss success and long-term maintenance.
Read more →Accountability Partners
Having an accountability partner significantly improves weight loss success through regular check-ins and shared motivation.
Read more →Acromegaly and Weight Gain
A rare pituitary disorder of growth hormone excess that alters body composition, fluid balance and metabolic health.
Read more →Active Commuting
Active commuting builds regular exercise into daily travel by walking or cycling to work or school.
Read more →Adaptive Thermogenesis
The body's metabolic adjustment to changes in calorie intake, where the body reduces energy expenditure to resist weight loss.
Read more →Added Sugars and Weight Management
Added sugars are processed sweeteners that add empty calories and can drive weight gain.
Read more →ADHD Medications and Appetite
How stimulant and non-stimulant ADHD medicines suppress appetite and can cause unintended weight loss.
Read more →Adipocyte Turnover and Fat Cell Number
Adults keep roughly the same number of fat cells for life; the cells change size, which is why lost weight returns so easily.
Read more →Adipokines
Adipokines are hormone-like proteins released by body fat that influence hunger, insulin sensitivity and inflammation.
Read more →Adiponectin
A fat-cell hormone that improves insulin sensitivity and fat breakdown — levels rise with healthy weight loss.
Read more →Adiponectin
A beneficial hormone secreted by fat cells that enhances insulin sensitivity and has anti-inflammatory properties, but paradoxically decreases as body fat increases.
Read more →Adipose Tissue
Adipose tissue is your body's fat storage and hormone-producing system that plays a key role in metabolism and weight regulation.
Read more →Adipose Tissue Expandability Hypothesis
The concept that metabolic disease appears when fat tissue can no longer safely store surplus energy, rather than from fatness alone.
Read more →Adipose Tissue Hypoxia
When fat tissue grows faster than its blood supply, its cells run short of oxygen, triggering the inflammation that accompanies obesity.
Read more →Adiposity Rebound
The age at which a child body mass index begins rising again after an early childhood dip, a predictor of adult obesity.
Read more →Adjustable Gastric Band
An adjustable gastric band is a reversible bariatric procedure that creates a small stomach pouch to promote early satiety, and the tightness can be adjusted without additional surgery.
Read more →Aerobic Exercise for Weight Loss
Aerobic exercise, or cardio, is sustained activity like walking or cycling that burns calories and strengthens your heart during weight loss.
Read more →Air Displacement Plethysmography (Bod Pod)
The Bod Pod measures body fat percentage quickly by measuring how much air your body displaces inside a sealed chamber.
Read more →Alcohol After Bariatric Surgery
After bariatric surgery the body absorbs alcohol faster and clears it more slowly, so even small amounts can cause rapid intoxication.
Read more →Alcohol and Weight Management
How alcohol affects calorie intake, fat burning, and weight loss progress.
Read more →Allostatic Load
Allostatic load is the cumulative wear and tear on the body from chronic stress, measurable through stress hormones, blood pressure, blood sugar and inflammatory markers.
Read more →Amycretin
Amycretin is an investigational oral GLP-1 and amylin co-agonist under study for significant weight loss.
Read more →Amylin Analogues
Medications that mimic the natural hormone amylin to slow digestion, reduce appetite, and support weight management.
Read more →Anaemia and Obesity
Obesity and weight-loss surgery raise the risk of iron, B12 and folate deficiencies that cause anaemia.
Read more →Anaesthesia for Bariatric Surgery
Bariatric surgery is performed under general anaesthesia carefully planned around a higher body weight, airway and breathing risks.
Read more →Anastomotic Stricture After Bariatric Surgery
A narrowed join after gastric bypass or sleeve surgery causes food to stick or come back up.
Read more →Anti-Inflammatory Diet
An anti-inflammatory diet rich in whole foods reduces chronic inflammation linked to obesity and supports metabolic health and sustainable weight loss.
Read more →Anti-Obesity Medications and Pregnancy
Women taking weight-loss medication should stop well before trying to conceive and use reliable contraception during treatment.
Read more →Antibiotics and Weight Gain
Antibiotics kill the bacteria that make you sick but can also disturb the gut bacteria that help control appetite and metabolism.
Read more →Anticoagulants and Weight
Blood thinners prevent dangerous clots, but body weight affects dosing and diet changes during weight loss can shift how warfarin behaves.
Read more →Antidepressants and Weight Gain
Some antidepressants cause gradual weight gain — knowing which ones and monitoring weight can help you manage both mood and weight.
Read more →Antihistamines and Weight Gain
Some antihistamines, especially older sedating ones, can increase appetite and lead to gradual weight gain.
Read more →Antipsychotic Medications and Weight Gain
Antipsychotic medicines can cause significant weight gain by increasing appetite and slowing metabolism, and this side effect can be managed with the right support.
Read more →Antiretroviral Therapy and Weight Gain
Effective HIV treatment can cause weight gain and central fat accumulation, especially with integrase inhibitors.
Read more →Anxiety and Weight Gain
Anxiety can contribute to weight gain through stress-related eating and hormonal changes that increase fat storage.
Read more →AOD-9604
An experimental growth-hormone peptide that failed to show weight-loss benefit in human trials.
Read more →Appetite regulation
Appetite regulation is the complex biological system that controls hunger, satiety and food intake.
Read more →Apple Cider Vinegar and Weight Loss
Apple cider vinegar is a popular home remedy, but evidence for meaningful weight loss is limited and any effect is modest.
Read more →Aquatic Exercise for Weight Management
Water-based exercise supports weight loss while protecting the joints, making it ideal for people living with obesity.
Read more →Artificial Sweeteners and Weight Management
How low- and no-calorie sweeteners affect appetite, gut health and long-term weight control.
Read more →AspireAssist Therapy
A reversible, non-surgical weight loss device that drains a portion of stomach contents after meals, helping patients reduce caloric absorption without permanent anatomical changes.
Read more →Asthma and Obesity
Carrying excess weight can worsen asthma symptoms; losing weight improves lung function and reduces flare-ups.
Read more →Atrial Fibrillation and Obesity
Atrial fibrillation is an irregular heartbeat made more likely by obesity; losing weight can reduce its burden and improve heart rhythm control.
Read more →Autonomic Nervous System and Weight Regulation
The autonomic nervous system runs heart rate, digestion and body temperature, and its two branches help set how many calories you burn at rest.
Read more →Autophagy and Weight Loss
The cellular recycling process that fasting and exercise turn up — and what it does and does not do for body weight.
Read more →Avocado and Weight Management
Avocado is a nutritious fruit whose fat and fibre content may improve fullness and help control appetite.
Read more →Badminton for Weight Loss
Badminton burns roughly 400 to 600 calories an hour through fast, stop-start rallies, making it an enjoyable way to build a daily energy deficit.
Read more →Banded Sleeve Gastrectomy
Banded sleeve gastrectomy adds a restrictive band to a sleeve gastrectomy to improve long-term weight loss.
Read more →Bariatric Embolization
An experimental non-surgical procedure that reduces blood flow to the stomach to lower the hunger hormone ghrelin.
Read more →Bariatric Endoscopy
Non-surgical, incisionless weight-loss treatments performed through the mouth using an endoscope for faster recovery and lower risk.
Read more →Bariatric Surgery
Weight loss surgery that changes the digestive system to help people with severe obesity achieve lasting results.
Read more →Bariatric Surgery and Pregnancy
After bariatric surgery, doctors recommend waiting 12–18 months before pregnancy — planning and nutrition monitoring keep both mother and baby safe.
Read more →Bariatric Surgery Complications
Bariatric Surgery Complications: the possible short- and long-term risks of weight-loss surgery, and how they are prevented and managed.
Read more →Bariatric Surgery Eligibility Criteria
Bariatric surgery is reserved for people who meet clear BMI and health criteria - a proper assessment helps you understand whether you qualify.
Read more →Bariatric Surgery in Adolescents
For carefully selected teenagers with severe obesity, bariatric surgery within a structured multidisciplinary programme can be safe and effective.
Read more →Bariatric Surgery in Older Adults
Bariatric surgery can be effective after 60, but selection depends on frailty, muscle mass and nutrient reserves rather than age alone.
Read more →Bariatric Surgery Weight Loss Timeline
Weight loss after bariatric surgery follows a predictable timeline of rapid loss for 12-18 months followed by stabilisation, and knowing it helps set realistic goals.
Read more →BariClip (Gastric Clip)
A reversible laparoscopic clip applied to the stomach that narrows the gastric channel without removing tissue.
Read more →Barley and Weight Management
Barley is a high-fibre whole grain whose beta-glucan slows digestion, boosts fullness and blunts the blood sugar rise after a meal.
Read more →Barrett's Oesophagus and Obesity
Barrett's oesophagus is a reflux-related change in the food-pipe lining, made more likely by excess abdominal weight.
Read more →Basal metabolic rate
Basal metabolic rate is the number of calories the body needs to maintain basic bodily functions at rest.
Read more →Behavioural Activation for Weight Loss
Behavioural activation is a strategy that breaks the cycle of low mood and inactivity by scheduling meaningful activities, helping to reduce emotional eating.
Read more →Behavioural Weight Loss Strategies
Evidence-based techniques such as self-monitoring, goal setting, and stimulus control that help change the habits driving weight gain for lasting weight management.
Read more →Belt Lipectomy (Lower Body Lift)
A body-contouring surgery that removes a ring of excess skin around the waistline after major weight loss.
Read more →Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Obesity
Obesity, especially around the waist, is linked to a larger prostate and more troublesome urinary symptoms.
Read more →Benzodiazepines and Weight Gain
How long-term benzodiazepine use for anxiety and insomnia can contribute to gradual weight gain and increased appetite.
Read more →Benzphetamine (Didrex)
Benzphetamine (Didrex) is an FDA-approved appetite-suppressant medication used for short-term weight management in adults with obesity.
Read more →Berberine and Weight Loss
A natural plant compound that may support modest weight loss and better blood sugar control.
Read more →Beta-Blockers and Weight Gain
A widely prescribed class of heart and blood-pressure medicines that can contribute to modest weight gain and reduced activity tolerance.
Read more →Bile Acids and Weight Regulation
Bile acids are digestive compounds that also act as metabolic signals influencing appetite and blood sugar.
Read more →Biliopancreatic Diversion with Duodenal Switch (BPD/DS)
BPD/DS is a powerful weight loss surgery combining stomach reduction with intestinal rerouting for maximum weight loss, requiring lifelong supplementation.
Read more →Biliopancreatic Diversion with Duodenal Switch (BPD/DS)
BPD/DS is a complex weight-loss surgery that combines a sleeve gastrectomy with an intestinal bypass, producing very large weight losses.
Read more →Bimagrumab
An investigational antibody that reduces body fat while preserving muscle, currently under study for obesity.
Read more →Binge Eating Disorder
Binge eating disorder is the most common eating disorder, involving recurrent episodes of uncontrollable overeating that often contribute to weight gain.
Read more →Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA)
A quick, painless test that uses a safe electrical signal to estimate your body fat, muscle mass, and hydration levels.
Read more →Bitter Gourd and Weight Management
Bitter gourd is a low-calorie, high-fibre vegetable that may blunt post-meal blood sugar rises and helps fill the plate without adding many calories.
Read more →Body Adiposity Index (BAI)
A body fat estimate calculated from hip circumference and height as a simpler alternative to BMI.
Read more →Body composition analysis
Body composition analysis measures the percentages of fat, muscle, bone, and water in your body, providing a more complete picture of health than weight alone.
Read more →Body Contouring Surgery
Body contouring surgery removes excess skin and fat after significant weight loss, reshaping areas that do not respond to diet and exercise alone.
Read more →Body Fat Percentage
Body fat percentage is a more precise measure of health than BMI, showing the proportion of fat to total body weight.
Read more →Body Image During Weight Loss
Losing weight does not automatically fix how you see your body - addressing body image is part of lasting, healthy weight management.
Read more →Body mass index
Body Mass Index is a screening measure calculated from a person's weight and height.
Read more →Body Recomposition
Body recomposition is losing body fat while gaining muscle at the same time, so your body shape and health improve even when the scale moves slowly.
Read more →Body Roundness Index (BRI)
A waist-and-height based measurement that estimates central (belly) fat better than BMI.
Read more →Brachioplasty (Arm Lift)
Surgical removal of loose upper-arm skin after weight loss, and what the procedure involves.
Read more →Breakfast and Weight Management
What the evidence really says about breakfast and its role in weight control.
Read more →Breast Augmentation After Weight Loss
After major weight loss the breasts often lose volume and skin elasticity, and augmentation with implants or fat transfer can restore shape once weight has been stable.
Read more →Breast Cancer and Obesity
Obesity raises the risk of breast cancer after menopause and can make the disease harder to detect early.
Read more →Breast Reduction After Weight Loss (Reduction Mammoplasty)
How reduction mammoplasty relieves neck, back and shoulder symptoms when the breasts stay heavy after major weight loss.
Read more →Bromocriptine for Weight Loss
Bromocriptine is a dopamine-type medicine with a modest, well-studied effect on body weight and blood sugar control.
Read more →Brown Adipose Tissue (BAT)
Brown adipose tissue is a special type of fat that burns calories to generate heat, playing a role in body weight regulation and metabolism.
Read more →Bubble Tea and Weight Gain
Bubble tea is often calorie-dense from added sugar and tapioca pearls, and regular large servings can contribute significantly to weight gain.
Read more →Buckwheat and Weight Management
Buckwheat is a gluten-free pseudo-cereal with slow-digesting starch, high fibre and complete protein that helps meals stay filling.
Read more →Bupropion
Bupropion is a medication that affects brain appetite pathways and, when combined with naltrexone, helps reduce hunger and control food cravings.
Read more →Bupropion-Naltrexone for Weight Loss
Bupropion-naltrexone is a prescription weight-loss medication that acts on brain pathways controlling appetite and food cravings.
Read more →Buttock Lift (Gluteoplasty)
A body-contouring operation that removes loose skin and repositions the buttocks after major weight loss.
Read more →C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and Obesity
C-reactive protein is the blood marker of the low-grade inflammation that expanded fat tissue maintains, and it usually falls as weight and waist circumference reduce.
Read more →Caffeine and Metabolism
Caffeine temporarily boosts metabolic rate by 3-11% through nervous system activation and fat breakdown — a modest but real contribution to weight management.
Read more →Cagrilintide
Cagrilintide is a long-acting amylin analogue that enhances satiety, being studied in combination with semaglutide for powerful weight loss.
Read more →CagriSema
An investigational combination of cagrilintide and semaglutide that targets both amylin and GLP-1 pathways, producing greater weight loss than either medication alone.
Read more →Calcium and Weight Management
Calcium is a mineral best known for building bones that may also play a small supporting role in helping the body regulate weight.
Read more →Calorie deficit
A calorie deficit occurs when you consume fewer calories than your body burns, forcing it to use stored fat for energy — the fundamental mechanism of weight loss.
Read more →Calorie Density
The number of calories per gram of food — a practical concept for weight management that lets you eat satisfying portions without excess calories.
Read more →Canagliflozin
Canagliflozin is an SGLT2 inhibitor that promotes weight loss by excreting excess glucose through urine.
Read more →Cancer Risk and Obesity
Excess body fat increases the risk of 13 cancer types through hormonal and inflammatory mechanisms.
Read more →Cannabis and Weight Management
Cannabis can sharpen appetite and disrupt sleep, and its long-term effect on body weight is not straightforward.
Read more →Capsaicin and Metabolism
Capsaicin, the compound that makes chilli peppers hot, may provide a modest metabolic boost by increasing thermogenesis and fat oxidation.
Read more →Carbohydrate Cycling for Weight Loss
An eating pattern that alternates between high-carb and low-carb days to optimise fat burning, preserve muscle mass, and make dieting more sustainable.
Read more →Carbohydrate Quality
Choosing whole, minimally processed carbs over refined ones, a key factor in steady blood sugar and weight control.
Read more →Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Weight Loss
Cardiorespiratory fitness reflects how efficiently the heart, lungs and muscles use oxygen and predicts health outcomes in obesity more strongly than body weight alone.
Read more →Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Obesity
Carpal tunnel syndrome is more common in people living with obesity; losing weight can reduce pressure on the wrist nerve and improve symptoms.
Read more →Cataract and Obesity
Obesity is linked to an earlier and higher risk of cataract, the clouding of the eye's lens that blurs vision.
Read more →Catecholamines and Energy Expenditure
Catecholamines such as adrenaline and noradrenaline raise the body's calorie burn by releasing stored fat and sugar and switching on heat production.
Read more →Cellular Senescence and Obesity
Senescent cells accumulate in fat tissue with age and excess weight, driving inflammation and metabolic dysfunction.
Read more →Cellulite Treatments
Cellulite is a harmless dimpling of the skin caused by fat pressing on connective tissue; several treatments can temporarily improve it, though results vary.
Read more →Cellulitis and Obesity
Cellulitis is a bacterial skin infection that is more common and more likely to come back in people carrying extra weight, especially in swollen legs and skin folds.
Read more →Central Obesity
Central obesity is the buildup of excess fat around the waist and abdomen that raises the risk of heart disease, diabetes and metabolic syndrome.
Read more →Cetilistat
A weight-loss medication that blocks fat absorption with fewer digestive side effects.
Read more →Chair-Based Exercise for Weight Management
Chair-based exercise lets people with limited mobility or joint pain build strength and stamina while seated.
Read more →Chemotherapy and Weight Changes
Cancer treatment can push weight up or down — the goal during treatment is preserving muscle, not losing weight.
Read more →Chia Seeds and Weight Management
A high-fibre seed that forms a gel in the stomach and may help you feel fuller for longer.
Read more →Chicken and Weight Management
Skinless chicken is a lean, high-protein food that supports fullness and muscle preservation during weight loss, while the cut and cooking method decide how healthy it really is.
Read more →Childhood Obesity
Childhood obesity affects about 1 in 5 children in Singapore, and early intervention protects against diabetes, fatty liver, and adult obesity.
Read more →Cholecystectomy After Bariatric Surgery
Rapid weight loss after bariatric surgery raises the risk of gallstones, so some patients later need their gallbladder removed, usually by keyhole surgery with a short recovery.
Read more →Cholecystokinin (CCK)
Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a gut hormone that slows stomach emptying and signals satiety to the brain after meals.
Read more →Chromium Supplementation for Weight Loss
A trace mineral supplement marketed for fat loss and blood sugar control, with only small and inconsistent benefits.
Read more →Chronic Fatigue and Obesity
Persistent tiredness in obesity often reflects sleep apnoea, inflammation or an untreated metabolic condition.
Read more →Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Obesity
Obesity worsens breathlessness and exercise capacity in COPD, but weight loss must protect muscle rather than sacrifice it.
Read more →Chronic Pain and Obesity
Chronic pain limits mobility and contributes to weight gain, while excess weight worsens pain — a cycle that requires comprehensive management.
Read more →Chronic Venous Insufficiency and Obesity
Chronic venous insufficiency causes leg swelling and aching, and carrying excess weight makes vein damage worse - weight loss helps protect your leg veins.
Read more →Chrononutrition
Chrononutrition is the science of meal timing — eating larger meals earlier and avoiding late-night snacking can improve weight control and metabolic health.
Read more →Cinnamon and Weight Management
Cinnamon may slightly improve blood sugar in some people, but it is not a fat burner and high doses carry risk.
Read more →Circadian Rhythm and Weight
Your body's internal clock influences hunger, metabolism, and weight regulation — learn how aligning your daily routine supports healthy weight management.
Read more →Coconut Oil and Weight Management
Coconut oil raises LDL cholesterol and offers no meaningful weight-loss advantage over other fats despite its medium-chain fat content.
Read more →Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Weight Loss
A structured psychological approach that helps individuals identify and change the thought patterns and behaviours that contribute to overeating and weight gain.
Read more →Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) for Weight Loss
A psychological approach that helps change the thoughts and behaviours driving overeating for long-term weight management.
Read more →Cold Exposure and Thermogenesis
Cold exposure activates brown fat and raises energy expenditure slightly, but the effect is far too small to drive weight loss on its own.
Read more →Colonic Hydrotherapy for Weight Loss
Colonic hydrotherapy flushes the bowel with water but does not burn body fat — any weight change is temporary fluid loss.
Read more →Combination Pharmacotherapy for Obesity
Combining multiple weight-loss medications with different mechanisms to achieve better results than single-drug therapy alone.
Read more →Compounded GLP-1 Medications
Compounded GLP-1 injections are pharmacy-made versions of weight-loss medicines that are not regulator-approved; only registered products should be used under medical care.
Read more →Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA)
What CLA supplements are, the limited evidence for fat loss, and what to expect.
Read more →Constipation and Weight Management
Constipation is common with obesity and during weight-loss treatment, because eating less, low fibre and some weight-loss medicines slow the bowel.
Read more →Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) for Weight Management
A CGM is a small arm-worn sensor that shows how your blood sugar responds to meals, activity and sleep.
Read more →Contraceptives and Weight Gain
Most hormonal contraceptives cause little or no weight gain, though a small gradual rise is documented with some progestogen-only methods.
Read more →CoolSculpting (Cryolipolysis)
A non-surgical body contouring treatment that uses controlled cooling to freeze and eliminate stubborn fat cells.
Read more →Coronary Artery Disease and Obesity
The link between excess weight and the narrowing of the heart's blood vessels, which raises the risk of heart attacks.
Read more →Corticosteroids and Weight Gain
Corticosteroids — medicines used for asthma, allergies, and autoimmune conditions — can cause weight gain and increased appetite, but the effect depends on dose and duration.
Read more →Cortisol
Cortisol is the body's main stress hormone, and chronically high levels are linked to increased abdominal fat and weight gain.
Read more →Cotadutide
An investigational dual-action medication targeting both appetite and liver fat for potential weight loss and fatty liver treatment.
Read more →Creatine and Body Composition
Creatine is a well-studied supplement that helps preserve muscle and strength during weight loss, supporting a healthier body composition.
Read more →Cushing's Syndrome
A hormonal disorder caused by excess cortisol that leads to weight gain, particularly in the face and trunk.
Read more →Cycling for Weight Loss
Cycling is a joint-friendly aerobic exercise that burns calories effectively and supports weight loss when combined with a balanced diet.
Read more →Dairy and Weight Management
Dairy foods may support weight management through protein and calcium, though benefits depend on overall diet quality.
Read more →Dancing for Weight Loss
Dancing burns calories like jogging but feels like fun, so people stick with it — a sustainable way to add aerobic activity.
Read more →Danuglipron
An oral (pill-form) weight loss medication in development that activates the same appetite-reducing pathways as injectable GLP-1 drugs.
Read more →Dapagliflozin
A diabetes medication that removes excess sugar through urine, causing modest weight loss.
Read more →Dark Chocolate and Weight Management
High-cocoa dark chocolate is low in sugar and rich in flavonoids, so a small portion can satisfy a sweet craving without the sugar load of milk chocolate.
Read more →DASH Diet for Weight Loss
A heart-healthy eating plan rich in whole foods that supports both blood pressure control and sustainable weight loss.
Read more →Dental Caries and Obesity
Sugar-dense diets raise the risk of both tooth decay and excess weight, and obesity itself worsens dental health.
Read more →Deoxycholic Acid Injection
Deoxycholic acid injections dissolve small fat deposits under the chin but do not cause weight loss.
Read more →Depression and Weight
Depression and obesity share a bidirectional relationship — effective weight management requires addressing both mental and physical health.
Read more →Detox Diets and Weight Loss
Detox and cleanse diets promise rapid weight loss but mostly cause temporary water loss and are not supported by evidence.
Read more →Developmental Programming of Obesity
How nutrition, hormones and stress before birth and in early infancy shape a child's later risk of obesity.
Read more →DEXA Scan
A DEXA scan is a quick, low-radiation scan that precisely measures body fat percentage, muscle mass, and bone density — the gold standard for body composition analysis.
Read more →Diabetes Remission
When blood sugar returns to normal without diabetes medication, often achieved through significant weight loss.
Read more →Diet-Induced Thermogenesis
The energy your body burns digesting and processing food — protein requires the most, making it a metabolic advantage for weight loss.
Read more →Dietary Adherence Strategies
Evidence-based techniques to help you consistently follow your weight-loss eating plan for sustainable long-term results.
Read more →Dietary Fats and Weight Management
Dietary fats are calorie-dense but essential; choosing healthy fats in the right amounts supports weight loss.
Read more →Dietary fibre
Dietary fibre is the indigestible part of plant foods that promotes fullness, supports gut health, and aids weight management.
Read more →Dietary Fibre and Weight Management
Dietary fibre helps you feel full for longer, slows sugar absorption, and makes it easier to eat fewer calories without hunger.
Read more →Dietary Patterns and Weight Management
Why the overall way you eat matters more than any single food for long-term weight control.
Read more →Diethylpropion
Diethylpropion is an older FDA-approved appetite suppressant for short-term obesity treatment, acting on brain chemistry to reduce hunger.
Read more →Dietitian Referral
A dietitian referral hands your nutrition care to an accredited dietitian who builds an individualised plan around your health, culture and budget.
Read more →Digital Health Tools for Weight Management
Smartphone apps, wearable devices, and online platforms can support weight loss by tracking food intake, activity, and progress — making self-monitoring easier and more consistent.
Read more →Distracted Eating and Weight Gain
Eating while watching screens or working can lead to overeating because the brain misses fullness signals.
Read more →Diuretics and Weight
Diuretics cause rapid water loss that shows on the scale but does not reduce body fat.
Read more →Dog Walking for Weight Loss
A daily, low-effort form of walking exercise that helps owners reach recommended activity levels.
Read more →DPP-4 Inhibitors
A class of oral diabetes medications that help control blood sugar without causing weight gain.
Read more →Dulaglutide (Trulicity)
Dulaglutide (Trulicity) is a once-weekly GLP-1 injection that helps control blood sugar and supports weight loss by reducing appetite and slowing digestion.
Read more →Dumping Syndrome
Dumping syndrome is a post-surgical condition where food leaves the stomach too quickly, causing nausea, cramps and blood-sugar swings.
Read more →Duodenal Mucosal Resurfacing (DMR)
A minimally invasive endoscopic procedure that renews the duodenal lining to improve blood sugar control and support weight loss.
Read more →Dyslipidaemia
Unhealthy blood fat levels linked to obesity — weight loss can significantly improve cholesterol and reduce heart disease risk.
Read more →Eating Out Strategies for Weight Loss
Practical, evidence-based ways to enjoy restaurant meals while still losing weight.
Read more →Eating Rate and Satiety
Eating slowly improves satiety signals, helping you feel full with fewer calories and supporting weight management.
Read more →Ecnoglutide
Ecnoglutide is a once-weekly GLP-1 injection being studied for type 2 diabetes and weight loss.
Read more →Ectopic Fat
Fat stored inside organs such as the liver and muscle, which raises metabolic risk even at normal body weight.
Read more →Eczema and Obesity
Eczema is a long-term itchy, inflamed skin condition that tends to be more common and harder to control in people with obesity.
Read more →Efpeglenatide
A once-weekly GLP-1 injection under study that reduces appetite and slows stomach emptying for weight loss.
Read more →Eggs and Weight Management
Eggs are a filling, high-protein food that can help control appetite and support weight loss as part of a balanced diet.
Read more →Electrolytes and Weight Management
Rapid weight loss and appetite-suppressing medication can upset body salts, causing cramps, dizziness and fatigue.
Read more →Electromagnetic Muscle Stimulation (HIFEM)
Electromagnetic muscle stimulation (HIFEM) is a non-invasive treatment that builds muscle and improves body composition through intense magnetic stimulation.
Read more →Emotional Eating
Eating driven by emotions rather than hunger — a common barrier to sustainable weight loss.
Read more →Empagliflozin (Jardiance)
How empagliflozin (Jardiance) promotes weight loss and protects the heart and kidneys.
Read more →Endobarrier Therapy
A temporary, reversible endoscopic procedure that places a liner in the small intestine to alter nutrient absorption and hormone signalling for weight loss and diabetes control.
Read more →Endometriosis and Obesity
Carrying excess weight is linked with a higher risk of endometriosis and worse symptoms - losing weight can help reduce inflammation and pain.
Read more →Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty
A non-surgical procedure that reduces stomach size using internal stitches — a less invasive option for meaningful weight loss.
Read more →Energy Balance
Energy balance is the relationship between calories consumed and calories burned — understanding it is key to effective weight management.
Read more →Energy Compensation
Energy compensation is how the body offsets exercise calories by reducing background activity and raising hunger, limiting weight loss from exercise alone.
Read more →Energy Density
Energy density is the number of calories per gram of food — a key concept for choosing filling foods that support weight loss.
Read more →Energy Expenditure Components
The three ways your body burns calories — at rest, during digestion, and through physical activity — and how they affect weight management.
Read more →Energy Flux
Energy flux describes the flow of calories in and out of your body, a high-flux state of matched intake and activity that makes weight easier to maintain.
Read more →Energy Gap
The energy gap is the small daily calorie surplus that causes gradual weight gain over time.
Read more →Energy Homeostasis
The body's built-in system for keeping energy intake and expenditure in balance to maintain a stable weight.
Read more →Enhanced Recovery After Bariatric Surgery (ERABS)
A modern care pathway that helps bariatric surgery patients recover faster and leave hospital sooner.
Read more →Enteral Nutrition Support and Weight Management
Enteral nutrition support delivers liquid nutrition through a tube when eating is not possible, and after weight-loss surgery it is used briefly to protect nutrition and muscle.
Read more →Environmental Cues and Eating
External stimuli like food advertisements, social settings, and visual triggers that prompt eating independent of hunger, contributing to unconscious overeating.
Read more →Epigenetics and Obesity
Epigenetics shows how diet, sleep, and activity switch weight-related genes on or off — your daily choices can influence your biology.
Read more →Erectile Dysfunction and Obesity
Why obesity raises the risk of erectile dysfunction and how weight loss can help.
Read more →Ertugliflozin (Steglatro)
Ertugliflozin (Steglatro) is an SGLT2 inhibitor that lowers blood sugar by excreting glucose in urine, causing modest weight loss.
Read more →Exenatide
Exenatide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist that helps control blood sugar and promotes weight loss by reducing appetite.
Read more →Exercise Snacking
Short, frequent bursts of activity throughout the day — a practical, time-friendly way to improve fitness and metabolism.
Read more →Facelift After Weight Loss
A facelift after major weight loss removes excess facial skin and restores lost volume, but is performed only after weight has been stable for months.
Read more →Family-Based Weight Management
Involving the whole family is the most effective way to help a child reach and keep a healthy weight.
Read more →Fasting Blood Glucose
A simple blood test that measures blood sugar levels after an overnight fast — a key screening tool for prediabetes and diabetes, both closely linked to excess weight.
Read more →Fat Mass Index (FMI)
A body-composition measure that expresses total fat mass relative to height, independently of lean tissue.
Read more →Fat Oxidation
The metabolic process of breaking down stored body fat into energy, influenced by calorie balance, exercise intensity, and hormonal regulation.
Read more →Fat-Free Mass Index (FFMI)
Fat-Free Mass Index (FFMI) measures how much muscle and bone you carry for your height - a more accurate gauge of healthy fat loss than the scale.
Read more →Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Obesity
Transferring gut bacteria from a lean donor to a recipient to reshape the microbiome, an experimental approach to obesity.
Read more →Fermented Foods and Weight Management
Fermented foods like yoghurt, kimchi, and tempeh may support weight management by feeding healthy gut bacteria and improving how your body handles food.
Read more →Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21)
FGF21 is a liver-produced hormone that controls fat burning and blood sugar - and new FGF21-based medications are being studied for weight loss and fatty liver.
Read more →Fibromyalgia and Obesity
Fibromyalgia is over-represented in people with obesity, and its pain, fatigue and sleep disturbance are more severe at higher body weights.
Read more →Fidgeting and Energy Expenditure
Small habitual movements that add to daily energy expenditure without formal exercise.
Read more →Flexible Dieting (IIFYM)
Flexible dieting (IIFYM) hits daily protein, carb, and fat targets while allowing food variety, improving long-term adherence.
Read more →Focused Ultrasound for Fat Reduction
A non-invasive procedure using sound waves to destroy fat cells without surgery or downtime.
Read more →Food Cravings
Intense urges for specific foods driven by brain chemistry and hormones — understanding them is key to sustainable weight management.
Read more →Food Insecurity and Obesity
Food insecurity — unreliable access to enough nutritious food — is linked to a higher risk of obesity, particularly in women.
Read more →Food Journaling for Weight Loss
Food journaling — recording what you eat daily — is a proven behavioural strategy that can double weight loss results by increasing dietary awareness.
Read more →Food Label Reading for Weight Loss
Learning to read food labels helps you spot hidden calories, sugar, and fat.
Read more →Food Sequencing (Meal Order)
Food sequencing — eating vegetables and protein before carbohydrates — blunts post-meal blood-sugar spikes.
Read more →Fruit and Weight Management
Whole fruit is rich in fibre and water, keeps you full, and supports weight loss — unlike fruit juice, which does not.
Read more →Gabapentin and Weight Gain
Gabapentin and pregabalin can raise appetite and cause fluid retention, leading to dose-related weight gain within months of starting.
Read more →Gallstones and Weight Loss
Rapid weight loss increases the risk of developing gallstones due to cholesterol oversaturation in bile — a risk that can be managed with medical supervision.
Read more →Gamification for Weight Loss
Gamification uses points, streaks and friendly competition to make weight-loss habits more engaging.
Read more →Gardening for Weight Management
Digging, weeding and planting count as moderate-intensity activity — a garden keeps you moving without ever calling it exercise.
Read more →Garlic and Weight Management
Garlic adds flavour for almost no calories and has a small, real effect on metabolic markers.
Read more →Gastric Balloon
A gastric balloon is a non-surgical, temporary weight-loss device placed in the stomach to reduce food intake by taking up space.
Read more →Gastric Band Adjustment
A gastric band adjustment is a routine follow-up procedure that tightens or loosens an adjustable gastric band via its under-skin port to fine-tune weight loss.
Read more →Gastric Bypass Reversal
Gastric bypass reversal is a major revisional operation that restores the original digestive anatomy, reserved for serious complications after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.
Read more →Gastric Electrical Stimulation
An implantable device that sends electrical pulses to the stomach to promote fullness and reduce food intake.
Read more →Gastric Plication
A weight-loss surgery that reduces stomach size by folding and stitching the stomach rather than removing tissue.
Read more →Gastroparesis and GLP-1 Medications
Delayed stomach emptying that can occur during GLP-1 therapy, causing nausea, early fullness and vomiting.
Read more →GDF15 (Growth Differentiation Factor 15)
A stress-induced hormone that suppresses appetite and is being developed as a new obesity treatment target.
Read more →Genetic Predisposition to Obesity
The inherited genetic factors that can make some people more likely to gain weight or struggle with weight loss.
Read more →GERD and Obesity
How excess weight contributes to acid reflux and heartburn, and why weight loss helps.
Read more →Gestational Diabetes and Obesity
Diabetes that develops during pregnancy, which is more likely in women who are overweight or obese.
Read more →Ghrelin
Ghrelin is a hormone produced mainly in the stomach that stimulates appetite and is often called the hunger hormone.
Read more →Ghrelin and Hunger
Ghrelin is known as the hunger hormone because it rises before meals and signals the brain that it is time to eat.
Read more →GIP (Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide)
GIP is an incretin hormone from the gut that regulates insulin, fat storage and appetite, and is a target of newer weight loss medications.
Read more →GLP-1 Medication Side Effects
GLP-1 Medication Side Effects: the common nausea and digestive effects of GLP-1 weight-loss drugs and how they are managed.
Read more →GLP-1 Medications and Muscle Mass
GLP-1 weight-loss medications can cause muscle loss alongside fat loss - enough protein and resistance training help protect your muscle mass.
Read more →GLP-1 receptor agonist
GLP-1 receptor agonists are a class of medications that mimic the natural GLP-1 hormone to control blood sugar, reduce appetite and support weight loss.
Read more →Glucagon-like peptide-1
Glucagon-like peptide-1 is a natural hormone that stimulates insulin secretion, slows stomach emptying and promotes satiety.
Read more →Glycaemic index
The glycaemic index (GI) ranks carbohydrate-containing foods by how quickly they raise blood sugar levels — a useful tool in weight and diabetes management.
Read more →Glycaemic Load
Glycaemic load measures the real-world blood sugar impact of food, accounting for both carbohydrate quality and portion size.
Read more →Gout and Obesity
Excess body weight raises uric acid levels and makes gout attacks more frequent — weight loss is a key strategy for managing gout.
Read more →Green Tea Extract and Weight Loss
Green tea extract, rich in EGCG catechins, can modestly boost metabolism and fat burning — a helpful complement to diet and exercise for weight management.
Read more →Grocery Shopping Strategies for Weight Loss
Smart grocery shopping habits — from list-making to perimeter shopping — can reduce impulse food purchases and support sustainable weight loss.
Read more →Gut Microbiome
The trillions of bacteria in your digestive system play a powerful role in metabolism and body weight.
Read more →Gut Permeability and Weight Regulation
A ‘leaky’ gut lining lets bacterial fragments into the bloodstream, driving the low-grade inflammation seen in obesity.
Read more →Gut-Brain Axis
The gut-brain axis is the communication network between the digestive tract and the brain that helps regulate appetite, cravings, and body weight.
Read more →Gynecomastia Surgery After Weight Loss
Chest-contouring surgery that removes excess glandular tissue and loose skin in men after substantial weight loss.
Read more →Habit Formation for Weight Loss
The science of building automatic, healthy behaviours through cue-routine-reward loops, making weight management sustainable and effortless over time.
Read more →Habit Stacking for Weight Loss
Habit stacking attaches a new healthy behaviour to an existing daily routine, making weight-loss habits easier to remember and sustain.
Read more →Haemorrhoids and Obesity
Why excess weight increases the risk of haemorrhoids and how modest weight loss eases itching, bleeding and pain.
Read more →Hair Loss After Weight Loss
Rapid weight loss can trigger telogen effluvium, a temporary diffuse shedding of hair that begins two to four months later and usually regrows within a year.
Read more →Hashimoto's Thyroiditis and Weight Gain
An autoimmune thyroid condition that slows metabolism and can cause modest weight gain and fluid retention.
Read more →Hawker Centre Healthy Eating
Hawker centre healthy eating teaches practical swaps at Singapore food centres that cut calories without giving up eating out.
Read more →hCG for Weight Loss
Human chorionic gonadotropin injections are marketed for rapid weight loss, but trials show no benefit beyond the very low-calorie diet they accompany.
Read more →Healthy Weight Range
For Asian adults in Singapore, a healthy BMI is 18.5-22.9 - the range where your risk of weight-related illness is lowest.
Read more →Hearing Loss and Obesity
Obesity is associated with higher rates of age-related hearing loss through inflammation, reduced blood flow to the inner ear and metabolic stress on the auditory pathway.
Read more →Heart Failure and Obesity
How obesity increases the risk of heart failure and why weight loss protects the heart.
Read more →Hedonic Hunger
The drive to eat for pleasure rather than physical need — a key contributor to overeating and weight gain.
Read more →Hiatal Hernia and Bariatric Surgery
Hiatal hernia repair is commonly performed together with bariatric surgery to treat reflux, fixing both conditions in the same operation.
Read more →Hidradenitis Suppurativa and Obesity
Hidradenitis suppurativa is a painful, boil-like skin condition that becomes more frequent and severe with excess weight - and can improve with weight loss.
Read more →High-Protein Diet for Weight Loss
Eating more protein to feel fuller, reduce cravings and protect muscle while losing weight.
Read more →HIIT for Weight Loss
High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) burns more calories in less time and keeps your metabolism elevated for hours after exercise, making it a powerful tool for weight loss.
Read more →Hiking for Weight Loss
Hiking burns more energy than a flat walk because of the gradient and uneven ground, and most people sustain it far longer outdoors.
Read more →Holiday Weight Gain
The typical weight gain that happens during festive seasons, and how to prevent it.
Read more →Home Cooking and Weight Management
How preparing meals at home supports healthier food choices and easier weight control.
Read more →Homeostatic Model Assessment (HOMA-IR)
A calculation from fasting glucose and insulin that shows how sensitive your body is to insulin.
Read more →Honey and Weight Management
Honey is a natural sweetener but is still concentrated sugar of roughly 80 per cent carbohydrate, adding calories just as readily as table sugar.
Read more →Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) and Weight Gain
Why menopause, not HRT, is usually behind mid-life weight gain — and what hormone therapy does change in body composition.
Read more →Household Chores and Weight Management
Mopping, vacuuming and laundry count as real physical activity and add meaningfully to daily calorie burn.
Read more →Hula Hooping for Weight Loss
Hula hooping is a moderate-intensity home workout that burns calories, works the core and is easy to keep up.
Read more →Hydration and Weight Management
Proper hydration boosts metabolism, reduces calorie intake, and supports weight loss — replacing sugary drinks with water is one of the simplest health changes.
Read more →Hydrogel Therapy (Plenity)
Hydrogel therapy is an oral capsule that swells into a gel in the stomach to increase fullness; the gel is not absorbed and passes out in the stool.
Read more →Hydrostatic Weighing
A highly accurate method of measuring body composition by comparing a person’s weight on land to their weight when fully submerged in water.
Read more →Hyperinsulinaemia
Hyperinsulinaemia is chronically high blood insulin that drives fat storage and weight gain, often before diabetes develops.
Read more →Hyperphagia
Hyperphagia is an abnormally strong and persistent drive to eat excessively, often caused by hormonal or neurological dysregulation.
Read more →Hypertension
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a common condition where the force of blood against artery walls is consistently too high, often linked to excess weight.
Read more →Hyperthyroidism
A condition where the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormone, accelerating metabolism and potentially causing unexplained weight loss.
Read more →Hypogonadism and Obesity
Obesity is a leading cause of low testosterone in men, and losing weight can significantly restore testosterone levels and improve symptoms.
Read more →Hypopituitarism and Weight Gain
Hypopituitarism is an underactive pituitary gland that slows metabolism and commonly causes weight gain, fatigue and puffiness.
Read more →Hypothalamic Obesity
A rare form of obesity caused by damage to the brain's hypothalamus, leading to uncontrollable hunger and reduced metabolism that resists standard weight loss approaches.
Read more →Hypothalamus
The brain region that controls hunger, fullness and metabolism, and the target of many weight-loss medications.
Read more →Hypothyroidism
An underactive thyroid gland that slows metabolism, causing unexplained weight gain and fatigue.
Read more →Ideal Body Weight
Ideal body weight is a calculated estimate of a healthy weight for your height that works as a rough guide rather than a strict target.
Read more →Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension and Obesity
A condition causing high pressure in the skull, strongly linked to obesity, where weight loss is a primary treatment.
Read more →Ileal Interposition
A metabolic surgery that repositions the small intestine to enhance gut hormones and improve diabetes and weight.
Read more →Immunosuppressants and Weight Gain
Immunosuppressant medicines such as tacrolimus and ciclosporin, often taken with steroids, commonly lead to weight gain after transplantation.
Read more →Implementation Intentions for Weight Loss
A psychological if-then planning technique that dramatically increases follow-through on weight loss goals by pre-deciding when, where, and how to act.
Read more →Incretin Effect
The incretin effect is the gut-hormone-driven boost in insulin after eating that GLP-1 medicines amplify for weight loss.
Read more →Indirect Calorimetry
A breathing test that accurately measures how many calories your body burns at rest for personalised weight management plans.
Read more →Infertility and Obesity
How excess weight disrupts hormones and fertility — and why even modest weight loss can help.
Read more →Injection Lipolysis (Lipodissolve)
Injections that dissolve small, localised fat pockets (such as a double chin) but do not treat obesity.
Read more →Insomnia and Weight Gain
Poor sleep disrupts the hormones that control hunger, leading to increased appetite, cravings, and weight gain over time.
Read more →Insulin Index
The insulin index measures how much a food raises insulin, capturing hormonal effects that the glycaemic index misses.
Read more →Insulin resistance
Insulin resistance is a condition where the body's cells become less responsive to the hormone insulin, leading to elevated blood glucose levels.
Read more →Insulin Therapy and Weight Gain
Insulin can cause weight gain through its fat-storing effects, but this can be managed with dosing strategy and adjunctive medicines.
Read more →Intermittent Energy Restriction
Alternating between normal eating and reduced-calorie days as an alternative to daily dieting.
Read more →Intermittent Fasting
Intermittent fasting is an eating pattern that alternates between periods of eating and voluntary fasting, used as a strategy to reduce calorie intake and improve metabolic health.
Read more →Internal Hernia After Bariatric Surgery
After gastric bypass, a loop of bowel can slip through an internal gap — sudden severe pain is an emergency.
Read more →Intertrigo and Obesity
Painful inflammation and secondary infection within skin folds, common in obesity and worsened by heat and humidity.
Read more →Intragastric Pharmacotherapy
An endoscopic treatment combining a gastric balloon with local medication delivery to support medically supervised weight loss.
Read more →Intuitive Eating
Intuitive eating is a non-diet approach that uses natural hunger and fullness cues to guide eating, promoting a healthier relationship with food.
Read more →Irisin and Weight Loss
Irisin is an exercise-released muscle hormone that may help the body burn fat more efficiently.
Read more →Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Obesity
Irritable bowel syndrome and obesity commonly occur together, and each can make the other harder to manage.
Read more →Jejunoileal Bypass
Jejunoileal bypass was an obsolete weight-loss operation abandoned because of severe malabsorption complications.
Read more →Jump Rope for Weight Loss
Skipping rope is a low-cost, portable workout that burns calories quickly and builds fitness and coordination.
Read more →Ketogenic Diet
A very low-carb, high-fat diet that shifts the body into fat-burning mode — effective but requires careful planning and medical guidance.
Read more →Kettlebell Training for Weight Loss
Kettlebell workouts combine strength and cardio, burning calories and building lean muscle in short sessions.
Read more →Kidney Disease and Obesity
Obesity is a major risk factor for chronic kidney disease — learn how weight management can protect your kidney function and slow disease progression.
Read more →Kidney Stones and Obesity
Obesity raises the risk of kidney stones, and rapid weight loss or bariatric surgery can increase it further.
Read more →Konjac Glucomannan for Weight Loss
A soluble fibre from the konjac root sold as a supplement to reduce appetite before meals.
Read more →Lap-Band Removal Surgery
Surgical removal of an adjustable gastric band, usually because of complications such as band slippage, erosion or poor weight loss.
Read more →Laser Lipolysis
A non-invasive treatment that uses laser energy to break down stubborn fat cells without surgery or downtime.
Read more →Laughter and Weight Management
Hearty laughter briefly raises heart rate and calorie burn and lowers stress hormones that drive comfort eating, making it a small but useful lifestyle ally.
Read more →Laxatives and Weight Loss
Laxatives empty the gut, not fat stores, and using them for weight loss is unsafe.
Read more →Lean Body Mass
The muscle, bone and organ tissue in your body that drives your metabolism and should be preserved during weight loss.
Read more →Leptin
Leptin is a hormone produced by fat cells that helps regulate energy balance by inhibiting hunger.
Read more →Leptin Resistance
Leptin resistance is a state where the brain stops responding properly to the fullness hormone leptin, making appetite hard to control.
Read more →Lipedema
Lipedema is a chronic condition causing painful, disproportionate fat accumulation in the legs and arms, almost exclusively in women, often mistaken for obesity.
Read more →Lipedema Surgery
Lipedema surgery is specialised lymphatic-sparing liposuction that removes painful abnormal fat in the limbs of patients with lipedema.
Read more →Lipodystrophy
A rare group of conditions where abnormal fat storage causes severe insulin resistance and metabolic complications.
Read more →Lipogenesis
The biological process of converting excess carbohydrates into stored body fat.
Read more →Lipohypertrophy
Lipohypertrophy is the buildup of fatty lumps under the skin at injection sites, which can reduce the effectiveness of injectable weight loss medications.
Read more →Lipolysis
Lipolysis is the body's natural process of breaking down stored fat into usable energy — the fundamental biochemical mechanism behind all weight loss.
Read more →Lipoprotein Lipase (LPL) and Fat Storage
Lipoprotein lipase is the enzyme that lets the body pull fat out of the bloodstream and store it in fat tissue.
Read more →Liposuction
Liposuction is a body-contouring procedure that removes localised fat pockets and is not a treatment for obesity.
Read more →Liposuction Myths
Liposuction is often misunderstood as a weight-loss surgery; in reality, it is a body-contouring procedure that removes localised fat, not a treatment for obesity.
Read more →Lipotropic Injections
Lipotropic injections contain vitamins and amino acids that help your body break down fat more efficiently, used as an adjunct in weight loss programmes.
Read more →Liquid Calories and Weight Management
Sugary drinks add hidden calories that do not make you full — swapping them for water is one of the simplest ways to cut intake.
Read more →Liraglutide
Liraglutide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist medication used for type 2 diabetes and, at a higher dose, for chronic weight management.
Read more →Lithium and Weight Gain
Lithium commonly causes weight gain through increased appetite, thirst and fluid retention, and should never be stopped without medical advice.
Read more →Liver Elastography (FibroScan)
Liver elastography is a painless scan that stages liver fat and stiffness without a biopsy.
Read more →Liver Function Tests and Obesity
A panel of blood tests that assess liver health — routinely monitored in patients with obesity due to the high prevalence of fatty liver disease in this population.
Read more →Liver Shrink Diet Before Bariatric Surgery
The liver shrink diet is a short low-calorie, low-carbohydrate plan followed for 2 to 4 weeks before weight-loss surgery to reduce liver size and improve safety.
Read more →Liver Shrinking Diet Before Bariatric Surgery
A short low-calorie diet before weight loss surgery reduces liver size and makes the operation safer.
Read more →Lixisenatide
Lixisenatide is a short-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist used for type 2 diabetes that also modestly reduces appetite and body weight.
Read more →Loose Skin After Weight Loss
After major weight loss the skin often stays stretched and saggy, because lost elastin and collagen do not grow back with diet or exercise.
Read more →Lorcaserin (Belviq)
Lorcaserin was a weight-loss medication that worked by activating serotonin receptors in the brain to promote feelings of fullness and reduce appetite.
Read more →Low-Carbohydrate vs Low-Fat Diets
When calories and protein are matched, low-carbohydrate and low-fat diets produce broadly similar weight loss — long-term adherence matters most.
Read more →Low-FODMAP Diet and Weight Management
A short-term diet that reduces fermentable carbohydrates to relieve bloating and digestive discomfort, sometimes confused with weight gain.
Read more →Low-Glycaemic Diet
A low-glycaemic diet focuses on foods that cause a slower, lower rise in blood sugar, helping to control hunger, energy levels, and weight.
Read more →Low-Grade Chronic Inflammation
Excess belly fat keeps the body in a state of low-grade inflammation that fuels diabetes and heart disease — and weight loss calms it down.
Read more →Lymphedema and Obesity
How obesity causes and worsens lymph fluid buildup in the limbs.
Read more →Macronutrients
Macronutrients are the nutrients your body needs in large amounts — protein, carbohydrates, and fats — each playing a distinct role in weight management.
Read more →Magnesium and Weight Management
Low magnesium levels are linked to poorer blood sugar control and obesity; eating magnesium-rich foods supports metabolism, though supplements alone do not cause weight loss.
Read more →Marginal Ulcer After Bariatric Surgery
A marginal ulcer is a sore that forms at the join between the stomach pouch and the intestine after gastric bypass, often linked to smoking or NSAIDs.
Read more →MariTide (Maridebart Cafraglutide)
MariTide is an investigational Amgen weight loss drug combining GLP-1 activation with GIP blockade, showing up to 20% weight loss in trials.
Read more →Martial Arts for Weight Loss
Karate, taekwondo, Muay Thai and Brazilian jiu-jitsu burn serious calories while building the strength and confidence that keep people training.
Read more →MASH (Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis)
MASH is the inflamed, progressive form of fatty liver disease that weight loss of 7 to 10% can help reverse.
Read more →MASLD (Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease)
MASLD: the new name for fatty liver linked to weight and metabolic health - and why weight loss is its best treatment.
Read more →Massage Therapy and Weight Management
Massage does not burn fat, but it eases soreness, lowers stress and helps move lymph fluid, making activity easier to keep up.
Read more →Mastopexy After Weight Loss (Breast Lift)
Breast lift surgery that restores shape and position after significant weight loss leaves the breasts deflated and drooping.
Read more →Mazdutide
An investigational GLP-1/glucagon dual agonist showing promising weight loss in clinical trials.
Read more →MCT Oil and Weight Management
MCT oil is a rapidly burned fat that may slightly curb appetite and calorie intake.
Read more →Meal Frequency and Metabolism
How often you eat — whether three meals a day or six small ones — can influence hunger control and energy levels, though the effect on metabolism itself is modest.
Read more →Meal Planning and Preparation
Meal planning helps you make healthier food choices, control portions, and avoid impulsive eating — a cornerstone of successful weight management.
Read more →Meal Replacement Therapy
Meal replacement therapy uses nutritionally complete shakes, bars, or soups to replace one or more meals per day as part of a structured weight-loss plan.
Read more →Medical acupuncture
Medical acupuncture is the use of acupuncture by a licensed medical doctor as part of an integrated treatment plan, including for weight management support.
Read more →Medical Tourism for Bariatric Surgery
Travelling abroad for weight loss surgery is often cheaper, but rushed assessment, limited follow-up and no local care for complications can put patients at serious risk.
Read more →Medication Interactions with Weight Loss Medications
How weight loss medicines can change the absorption or effect of other drugs, and vice versa.
Read more →Medication-Induced Weight Gain
Medication-induced weight gain is unwanted weight increase caused by certain prescription drugs, including antidepressants, steroids, and some diabetes medications.
Read more →Mediterranean Diet
A heart-healthy eating pattern rich in vegetables, olive oil, and fish — associated with sustainable weight loss and better metabolic health.
Read more →Mediterranean Diet for Weight Loss
A heart-healthy eating pattern rich in vegetables, olive oil, fish, and whole grains that supports sustainable weight loss.
Read more →Melanocortin Pathway
The melanocortin pathway is a key brain circuit that controls appetite and body weight, and it is the target of some new weight-loss medications.
Read more →Melanocortin-4 Receptor (MC4R) Agonists
MC4R agonists are medicines that activate a brain receptor controlling appetite, used mainly in genetically caused obesity.
Read more →Melatonin and Weight Management
Melatonin sets your body clock, and mistimed or short sleep shifts the hunger hormones that drive appetite the next day.
Read more →Menopause and Weight Gain
Hormonal changes during menopause can slow metabolism and increase belly fat, but medical support can help manage this weight gain effectively.
Read more →Menstrual Irregularity and Weight Gain
How excess weight and rapid weight loss can disrupt the menstrual cycle, and what it takes to restore a regular rhythm.
Read more →Metabolic adaptation
Metabolic adaptation is the body's natural down-regulation of energy expenditure in response to calorie restriction and weight loss.
Read more →Metabolic Flexibility
Metabolic flexibility is your body's ability to switch between burning carbohydrates and fat, a key marker of metabolic health that improves with weight loss.
Read more →Metabolic Surgery
Metabolic surgery treats type 2 diabetes and metabolic disease by altering gut anatomy and hormones, often independently of weight loss.
Read more →Metabolic Surgery Follow-Up Care
Lifelong monitoring after bariatric surgery — nutrition, blood tests, and weight maintenance — for safe, lasting results.
Read more →Metabolic syndrome
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions — high blood pressure, high blood sugar, excess abdominal fat, and abnormal cholesterol — that occur together and increase the risk of heart disease and diabetes.
Read more →Metabolically Healthy Obesity
A condition where obesity is present without the typical metabolic complications, though long-term health risks remain elevated.
Read more →Metformin
A diabetes medication that also supports weight loss by improving insulin sensitivity and reducing appetite.
Read more →Metformin and Weight Management
Metformin is a widely used diabetes medication that can also support modest weight loss and better appetite control.
Read more →Metreleptin (Myalept)
Metreleptin (Myalept) is a leptin-replacement injection for rare lipodystrophy conditions — a powerful example of how hormones control weight and metabolism.
Read more →Micronutrients
Vitamins and minerals essential for metabolism, energy, and overall health — especially important during weight loss.
Read more →Migraine and Obesity
Migraine is more common and often more disabling in people living with obesity, and weight management can help reduce attack frequency.
Read more →Millets for Weight Management
Millets are fibre-rich whole grains with a lower glycaemic index than white rice, so they keep you fuller for longer.
Read more →Mindful Eating
Mindful eating is a practice of paying full attention to the experience of eating and drinking, both inside and outside the body.
Read more →Mindset and Weight Loss
The psychological framework and beliefs that shape weight loss success, including self-efficacy, growth mindset, and resilience against setbacks.
Read more →Mini Gastric Bypass (OAGB)
Mini gastric bypass (OAGB) is a single-anastomosis bariatric procedure that creates a smaller stomach pouch and bypasses part of the small intestine for weight loss.
Read more →Mitochondrial Function and Weight Loss
Mitochondria are the cells' power plants; when they work efficiently the body burns fuel well, and when they do not, fat storage and fatigue increase.
Read more →Mommy Makeover
A mommy makeover combines a tummy tuck, breast surgery, and liposuction to restore body contour after pregnancy or major weight loss.
Read more →Monogenic Obesity
Monogenic obesity is a rare form of severe early-onset obesity caused by a change in a single appetite-regulating gene.
Read more →Motivational Interviewing for Weight Loss
A collaborative counselling approach that helps patients find their own motivation for sustainable weight loss and lifestyle change.
Read more →Movement Breaks for Metabolic Health
Movement breaks are brief activity bursts during long sitting that improve blood-sugar control and lower sitting-related health risks.
Read more →Muscle Protein Synthesis and Weight Loss
Muscle protein synthesis is the process that rebuilds muscle; during energy deficit it falls unless protein intake and resistance training are adequate, so lean mass is lost alongside fat.
Read more →Mushrooms and Weight Management
Mushrooms are mostly water and fibre, so they add volume and savoury flavour to a meal with very few calories.
Read more →Music and Weight Management
Music supports weight management by pacing exercise so workouts last longer and by slowing eating, making it a low-cost tool for consistency rather than a direct fat burner.
Read more →Naltrexone
Naltrexone: a medication that blocks reward signals in the brain and is used in low doses, with bupropion, to curb appetite and cravings.
Read more →Naltrexone-Bupropion (Contrave)
A combination weight loss medication that reduces appetite and food cravings by targeting the brain's reward system.
Read more →Natriuretic Peptides and Weight Regulation
Natriuretic peptides are hormones released by the heart that regulate blood pressure and fluid balance and also encourage fat breakdown, and their activity tends to be blunted in obesity.
Read more →NEAT (Non-Exercise Activity Thermogenesis)
The calories you burn through everyday movements like walking, standing, and fidgeting — not planned exercise.
Read more →Night Eating Syndrome
Night eating syndrome is a pattern of late-night eating and morning appetite loss linked to sleep problems and weight gain.
Read more →Nocturia and Obesity
Waking at night to pass urine is more common with higher body weight and often improves with weight management.
Read more →Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a condition where excess fat builds up in the liver in people who drink little or no alcohol, often linked to obesity and insulin resistance.
Read more →Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)
A build-up of fat in the liver not caused by alcohol, closely linked to obesity and often reversible with weight loss.
Read more →Non-Scale Victories
Health improvements beyond the number on the scale — better energy, sleep, and clothing fit — that signal real progress.
Read more →NSAIDs and Weight Gain
NSAIDs such as ibuprofen and naproxen relieve pain but can cause fluid retention and stomach bleeding, which matters for anyone with obesity or after weight loss surgery.
Read more →Nutrient Density
Nutrient Density: how many vitamins and minerals a food provides per calorie - the key to eating well while losing weight.
Read more →Nutrient Partitioning
Nutrient partitioning describes how your body directs energy from food toward building muscle or storing fat, a key factor in body composition.
Read more →Nutrient Timing for Weight Loss
A strategic approach to meal scheduling that optimises when you eat to support weight loss and metabolic health.
Read more →Nuts and Weight Management
Nuts are energy-dense but rich in healthy fats and protein; a small daily portion boosts fullness and supports weight control without causing weight gain.
Read more →Oats and Weight Management
How oat beta-glucan slows digestion, blunts appetite and makes a breakfast that holds hunger until lunch.
Read more →Obesity
Obesity is a complex, chronic and relapsing disease characterised by excessive or dysfunctional body fat that can impair health.
Read more →Obesity and Dementia
Carrying excess weight in midlife is linked to a higher risk of dementia later — and weight loss is a modifiable way to protect brain health.
Read more →Obesity as a Chronic Disease
Why obesity is a chronic, relapsing medical condition, not a failure of willpower.
Read more →Obesity Classifications
The three-tier classification of obesity severity based on BMI, guiding appropriate treatment selection.
Read more →Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome
A serious breathing disorder in obesity where excess weight restricts lung function, causing low oxygen levels in the blood.
Read more →Obesity Paradox
The obesity paradox is a statistical pattern where heavier patients sometimes appear to survive certain illnesses better - it does not mean obesity is healthy.
Read more →Obesity Phenotypes
Obesity is not one condition — identifying a patient's phenotype helps match treatment to the underlying driver.
Read more →Obesogenic Environment
An obesogenic environment is a modern surrounding that encourages eating more and moving less, shaping weight gain beyond willpower alone.
Read more →Obesogens (Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals)
Obesogens are hormone-disrupting chemicals in everyday products that may promote weight gain by interfering with the body's fat and appetite signals.
Read more →Obstructive sleep apnoea
Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a sleep disorder where breathing repeatedly stops and starts due to throat muscles relaxing — strongly associated with obesity.
Read more →Obstructive Sleep Apnoea and Obesity
Obstructive sleep apnoea is a condition where the airway repeatedly closes during sleep, and obesity is one of its strongest risk factors.
Read more →Oestrogen and Fat Distribution
Oestrogen shapes where the body stores fat, which is why women tend to carry fat on the hips and thighs and shift to abdominal fat after menopause.
Read more →Olive Oil and Weight Management
Olive oil is a heart-healthy fat that can replace saturated fats in cooking when portions are controlled.
Read more →Omega-3 Fatty Acids
Omega-3 fatty acids are healthy fats from fish and plant sources that reduce inflammation, support heart health, and may improve body composition during weight loss.
Read more →Omental Fat Resection
Surgical removal of deep abdominal fat (omentum) that surrounds internal organs and contributes to metabolic health risks.
Read more →Opioids and Weight Gain
Long-term opioid pain relief promotes weight gain through hormonal suppression, increased appetite and reduced physical activity.
Read more →Oral GLP-1 Receptor Agonists
Oral GLP-1 receptor agonists provide an injection-free daily tablet option for medical weight loss with similar effectiveness.
Read more →Orforglipron
An investigational daily oral GLP-1 weight-loss medication being studied as a non-injection alternative for obesity treatment.
Read more →Orlistat
Orlistat is a weight-loss medication that works by reducing the absorption of dietary fat in the intestines.
Read more →Osteoarthritis and Obesity
Obesity is the strongest modifiable risk factor for knee osteoarthritis — every 5 kg of weight gain increases risk by 36%, and even modest weight loss can relieve joint pain.
Read more →Osteoporosis and Obesity
The complex relationship between excess body weight and bone mineral density, where obesity was once thought to protect bones but emerging evidence reveals nuanced risks.
Read more →OverStitch Endoscopic Suturing
OverStitch is a device that lets doctors place stitches inside the stomach through an endoscope, reducing stomach size without any skin incisions.
Read more →Overweight
Overweight is a condition where a person carries more body fat than is considered healthy for their height.
Read more →Oxidative Stress and Obesity
Oxidative stress occurs when harmful free radicals outpace the body's antioxidants, a state that is common in obesity and contributes to insulin resistance and cell damage.
Read more →Oxyntomodulin Analogues
Oxyntomodulin analogues are an emerging class of weight-loss medications that mimic a gut hormone to reduce appetite and boost energy expenditure.
Read more →Oxytocin and Appetite Regulation
Oxytocin, the ‘bonding hormone’, also acts in the brain to dampen appetite and food reward.
Read more →Ozempic
Ozempic is a brand of semaglutide primarily indicated for type 2 diabetes that may also support weight loss.
Read more →Paleolithic Diet and Weight Loss
The paleo diet mimics a hunter-gatherer pattern of eating and can support short-term weight loss, but it is not more effective than other balanced diets in the long term.
Read more →Pancreatitis and Obesity
Obesity raises the risk of gallstone and high-triglyceride-related pancreatitis, and weight loss helps protect the pancreas.
Read more →Panniculectomy
A panniculectomy removes the hanging fold of excess skin and fat over the lower belly, relieving rashes and discomfort after major weight loss.
Read more →PCOS and Weight Management
How polycystic ovary syndrome affects weight and why structured weight loss is a first-line treatment for the condition.
Read more →Pemvidutide
Pemvidutide is an investigational dual GLP-1/glucagon agonist that reduces appetite and increases energy expenditure for weight loss.
Read more →Peptide YY (PYY)
Peptide YY is a gut hormone released after eating that signals fullness to the brain and helps control appetite.
Read more →Peptide YY (PYY)
A gut hormone released after eating that signals fullness to the brain — levels are often reduced in people with obesity, contributing to overeating.
Read more →Periodontal Disease and Obesity
Obesity and gum disease worsen each other through shared inflammation and insulin resistance.
Read more →Perioperative Care for Obesity
Specialised medical care before, during and after surgery to keep patients with obesity safe and improve recovery.
Read more →Personal Fat Threshold
The idea that each person can store only a limited amount of fat before it starts causing disease.
Read more →Pharmacotherapy for Obesity
Prescription weight-loss medications used alongside lifestyle changes to support safe and effective weight reduction.
Read more →Phendimetrazine
Phendimetrazine is a short-term prescription appetite suppressant that works by altering brain chemicals to reduce hunger during weight loss efforts.
Read more →Phentermine
A prescription appetite suppressant used for short-term weight loss alongside diet and lifestyle changes.
Read more →Phentermine-Topiramate (Qsymia)
Phentermine-topiramate (Qsymia) is a combination prescription medication that suppresses appetite and enhances fullness — one of the most effective oral weight loss drugs available.
Read more →Physical activity
Physical activity is any bodily movement that uses energy, including exercise, sports, and daily activities — a key component of weight management and overall health.
Read more →Physical Activity Guidelines for Weight Management
Official guidelines recommend 150-300 minutes of moderate activity weekly for health, and more for weight loss, with muscle-strengthening on two or more days.
Read more →Pilates for Weight Loss
Pilates builds core strength and lean muscle, and supports weight loss when combined with cardio and healthy eating.
Read more →Plant-Based Diet for Weight Loss
A dietary pattern emphasising whole plant foods — vegetables, fruits, legumes, and grains — that supports weight loss through lower caloric density and higher fibre intake.
Read more →Plantar Fasciitis and Obesity
Carrying excess weight puts extra strain on the band of tissue under your foot, making heel pain worse — and weight loss can help relieve it.
Read more →Polycystic ovary syndrome
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder common among women of reproductive age, characterised by irregular periods, excess androgen, and polycystic ovaries — often worsened by excess weight.
Read more →Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Obesity
PCOS is a common hormonal condition in women closely linked with weight gain, insulin resistance, and irregular periods.
Read more →Polyphagia (Excessive Hunger)
Polyphagia is the medical term for excessive or extreme hunger that goes beyond normal appetite and is not relieved by eating.
Read more →Poor Wound Healing and Obesity
Extra fat tissue heals more slowly, so blood sugar, nutrition and wound care need close attention.
Read more →Portion Control
Eating the right serving sizes for your body needs — a practical habit for lifelong weight management.
Read more →Portion Distortion
Portion distortion explains how growing serving sizes make people overeat without noticing, and how to reset portions.
Read more →Post-Bariatric Nutrition
The structured nutritional plan after weight loss surgery focusing on protein intake, micronutrient supplementation, and gradual food reintroduction for safe and lasting weight loss.
Read more →Post-Meal Walking for Glucose Control
Why a short walk after meals lowers blood sugar and supports weight management.
Read more →Postpartum Weight Management
Postpartum weight management helps new mothers return to a healthy weight gradually through balanced eating, gentle activity and rest, safely for both mother and baby.
Read more →Potatoes and Weight Management
Potatoes can fit a weight management plan when boiled, baked or steamed rather than fried.
Read more →Prader-Willi Syndrome
A rare genetic disorder causing constant hunger, slow metabolism, and reduced muscle tone, often leading to severe obesity from early childhood.
Read more →Pramlintide (Symlin)
Pramlintide is an injectable medication that mimics the natural hormone amylin, helping to slow stomach emptying, reduce appetite, and control blood sugar after meals.
Read more →Prebiotics and Weight Management
How prebiotic fibres support weight management by nourishing healthy gut bacteria.
Read more →Prediabetes
Prediabetes is elevated blood sugar that has not yet reached diabetes and is often reversible with weight loss.
Read more →Prehabilitation Before Bariatric Surgery
Prehabilitation - exercise, nutrition, and liver-shrink preparation in the weeks before bariatric surgery - makes the operation safer and recovery faster.
Read more →Preoperative Evaluation for Bariatric Surgery
Before weight-loss surgery, a thorough medical, nutritional, and psychological assessment ensures you are prepared and safe to proceed.
Read more →Primary Obesity Surgery Endolumenal (POSE)
An incisionless endoscopic procedure that reduces stomach size through the mouth, creating folds in the stomach to promote early fullness and support weight loss.
Read more →Probiotics and Weight
Probiotics are beneficial gut bacteria that may support weight loss by improving digestion, reducing calorie absorption, and influencing appetite-regulating hormones.
Read more →Protein Distribution for Weight Loss
Protein distribution means spreading protein evenly across meals to boost fullness, protect muscle, and support weight loss.
Read more →Protein Leverage Hypothesis
The idea that your body keeps eating until it gets enough protein, which helps explain why higher-protein diets support weight loss.
Read more →Protein Quality and Weight Loss
High-quality proteins provide essential amino acids that preserve muscle and promote satiety during weight loss.
Read more →Protein Timing
Protein timing refers to the strategic distribution of protein intake throughout the day to optimise muscle preservation, satiety, and metabolic rate during weight loss.
Read more →Protein-Sparing Modified Fast
A medically supervised very low-calorie, high-protein diet that promotes rapid fat loss while preserving muscle mass.
Read more →Proton Pump Inhibitors and Weight Gain
Proton pump inhibitors are widely prescribed acid-reducing medicines that may contribute to gradual weight gain, altered gut bacteria and micronutrient depletion with long-term use.
Read more →Psoriasis and Obesity
Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin condition that is more severe in people with obesity; weight loss can improve symptoms and treatment response.
Read more →Psyllium Husk and Weight Management
Psyllium husk is a soluble fibre supplement that forms a gel in the gut, increasing fullness and helping regularity.
Read more →Pulmonary Hypertension and Obesity
Pulmonary hypertension is raised blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs, and obesity can contribute through low oxygen levels, sleep apnoea and extra strain on the right side of the heart.
Read more →Pulses and Legumes for Weight Loss
Pulses and legumes are protein- and fibre-rich foods such as lentils, chickpeas and beans that boost fullness and support healthy, sustainable weight loss.
Read more →Radiofrequency-Assisted Lipolysis
Radiofrequency-assisted lipolysis is a non-surgical fat reduction treatment that uses controlled heat to destroy fat cells while tightening skin.
Read more →Red Meat and Weight Management
Red meat is rich in protein and iron, but cut, portion size and cooking method decide whether it helps or hinders weight loss.
Read more →Relapse Prevention for Weight Loss
Planning for setbacks so a lapse doesn't undo your weight-loss progress.
Read more →Religious Fasting and Weight Management
How Ramadan, Lenten and other religious fasts affect body weight, and how to manage them safely.
Read more →Resistance Training
Strength-building exercises that boost metabolism, preserve muscle during weight loss, and improve long-term body composition.
Read more →Resistant Starch
A special type of carbohydrate that acts like fibre to support fullness and weight loss.
Read more →Respiratory Quotient (RQ)
Respiratory quotient (RQ) reveals whether your body is burning carbs or fat — a key metric for optimising weight loss through diet and exercise.
Read more →Resting Energy Expenditure (REE)
The baseline calories your body burns at rest — key to personalising any weight management plan.
Read more →Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR)
The calories your body burns at complete rest — the largest part of your daily energy expenditure.
Read more →Restless Legs Syndrome and Obesity
Restless legs syndrome causes an irresistible urge to move the legs at night and is both more common and more severe in people with obesity.
Read more →Retatrutide
An investigational triple-hormone receptor agonist targeting GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptors, showing unprecedented weight loss results in clinical trials.
Read more →Revisional Bariatric Surgery
A corrective or secondary weight-loss surgery performed when an initial bariatric procedure needs modification or has not achieved expected results.
Read more →Reward Systems for Weight Loss
Reward Systems for Weight Loss: using small non-food treats to reinforce healthy habits and keep you motivated.
Read more →Rheumatoid Arthritis and Obesity
Obesity worsens rheumatoid arthritis — weight loss can reduce joint pain, inflammation, and improve how well treatment works.
Read more →Rice and Weight Management
You don't need to give up rice to lose weight in Singapore - portion size and choosing wholegrain rice make the difference for lasting results.
Read more →Rimonabant
Rimonabant was an early weight-loss drug withdrawn due to psychiatric side effects, illustrating the importance of brain-safety monitoring.
Read more →Robotic-Assisted Bariatric Surgery
Minimally invasive weight-loss surgery using robotic technology for enhanced precision, smaller incisions, and faster recovery.
Read more →Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass
A highly effective weight loss surgery that reduces stomach size and alters digestion for significant long-term weight loss.
Read more →Rowing Machine Workouts
Rowing is a low-impact, full-body cardio workout that burns calories and builds muscle without loading the knees and hips.
Read more →Running for Weight Management
Running is a high-energy aerobic exercise that improves fitness, blood sugar and body composition.
Read more →Rybelsus
Rybelsus is an oral tablet form of semaglutide for type 2 diabetes management.
Read more →SADI-S
A combined sleeve gastrectomy and intestinal bypass weight-loss surgery for severe obesity.
Read more →SADI-S (Single Anastomosis Duodenal-Ileal Bypass)
SADI-S is a weight-loss surgery that combines a sleeve gastrectomy with a single intestinal bypass connection for substantial, lasting weight loss.
Read more →Sarcopenic Obesity
The dangerous combination of excess body fat with low muscle mass and strength, raising the risk of frailty and metabolic disease.
Read more →SASI Bypass (Single Anastomosis Sleeve Ileal Bypass)
SASI bypass combines a sleeve gastrectomy with an intestinal connection for added weight loss and diabetes control.
Read more →Satiety
Satiety is the feeling of fullness and satisfaction after eating that suppresses the urge to eat further.
Read more →Satiety Index
The satiety index ranks foods by how filling they are for the calories they provide.
Read more →Sauna and Weight Loss
Sauna sessions raise heart rate and sweating, but the weight lost is water rather than fat; heat exposure supports recovery and heart health, not fat loss.
Read more →Saxenda (Liraglutide 3.0 mg)
Saxenda is a once-daily injectable GLP-1 medication that reduces appetite to support medically supervised weight loss.
Read more →Sciatica and Obesity
Sciatica is pain that travels from the lower back down the leg along the sciatic nerve, and excess body weight increases the spinal strain that triggers it.
Read more →Screen Time and Weight Gain
Excessive screen time contributes to weight gain by reducing physical activity and promoting mindless eating.
Read more →Seasonal Eating and Weight
Choosing fresh, in-season foods to naturally enhance the nutritional quality and variety of your weight management diet.
Read more →Seaweed and Weight Management
Seaweed is a low-energy, fibre-rich food that adds iodine, alginate and umami flavour, helping meals feel more satisfying in a weight management diet.
Read more →Sedentary Behaviour
Prolonged sitting slows metabolism and increases weight gain risk — even if you exercise regularly — but simple movement breaks can help.
Read more →Self-Compassion and Weight Loss
Self-compassion is treating yourself with kindness after setbacks, which research links to reduced emotional eating and better long-term weight loss.
Read more →Self-Efficacy and Weight Management
The belief in your own ability to successfully perform the behaviours needed to achieve and maintain a healthy weight — a key predictor of long-term weight loss success.
Read more →Self-Monitoring for Weight Loss
A proven behaviour-change strategy involving regular tracking of food, activity, and weight to support long-term weight loss success.
Read more →Semaglutide
Semaglutide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist medication used for type 2 diabetes and chronic weight management.
Read more →Semaglutide vs Tirzepatide for Weight Loss
A plain-language comparison of the two leading once-weekly injectable weight-loss medications.
Read more →Seroma After Body Contouring Surgery
A seroma is a pocket of clear fluid that collects under the skin after body contouring; it is the most common minor setback and usually settles with drainage and compression.
Read more →Serotonin and Appetite
Serotonin is a brain messenger that helps regulate mood, sleep and appetite; changes in its signalling can either suppress hunger or drive weight gain.
Read more →Set Point Theory
The idea that your body defends a natural weight range — explaining why weight loss plateaus happen and why long-term support matters.
Read more →Setmelanotide
Setmelanotide (Imcivree) is an injectable medication targeting a brain pathway controlling hunger, approved for rare genetic forms of obesity.
Read more →SGLT2 Inhibitors and Weight
Diabetes medications that promote weight loss by causing the kidneys to excrete excess sugar in urine, resulting in a modest caloric deficit and cardiovascular protection.
Read more →Shift Work and Weight Gain
Shift work disrupts the body clock, appetite hormones, and meal timing, raising the risk of weight gain and metabolic disease.
Read more →Sibutramine
Sibutramine is a weight-loss medication that was withdrawn from many markets after studies linked it to an increased risk of heart attack and stroke.
Read more →Single Incision Laparoscopic Surgery (SILS)
SILS is minimally invasive keyhole surgery performed through one small belly-button incision for a near-scarless result.
Read more →Six-Minute Walk Test
The six-minute walk test measures how far you can walk in six minutes, giving a simple and repeatable picture of fitness and cardiopulmonary reserve.
Read more →Skin Tags and Obesity
Skin tags are small, harmless growths that form where skin rubs together and are far more common in people carrying excess weight.
Read more →Skinfold Thickness Measurement
A simple, non-invasive method that uses callipers to measure the thickness of subcutaneous fat at specific body sites to estimate total body fat percentage.
Read more →Sleep and Weight Management
Getting enough good-quality sleep is an often-overlooked part of weight management that affects hunger hormones and food choices.
Read more →Sleep Disorders and Weight Gain
Poor sleep quality disrupts the hormones that control hunger and fullness, leading to weight gain and making weight loss more difficult.
Read more →Sleep Hygiene
Sleep hygiene refers to healthy habits and environmental practices that promote consistent, restorative sleep and support weight management.
Read more →Sleep Study (Polysomnography)
A sleep study measures breathing and oxygen during sleep to diagnose obstructive sleep apnoea.
Read more →Sleeve Gastrectomy
A bariatric surgery that reduces stomach size by 80%, restricting food intake and reducing the hunger hormone ghrelin.
Read more →Sleeve Gastrectomy vs Gastric Bypass
Sleeve Gastrectomy vs Gastric Bypass: how the two most common weight-loss surgeries compare in results, risks, and recovery.
Read more →Slow Eating for Weight Loss
Eating at a slower pace to let your body's fullness signals catch up — a simple habit that supports portion control.
Read more →SMART Goals for Weight Management
SMART goals turn vague weight-loss wishes into specific, measurable, and time-bound plans that improve adherence.
Read more →Smoking Cessation and Weight Gain
Why quitting smoking often leads to weight gain and how to manage it.
Read more →Snacking and Weight Management
The type and timing of snacks, not snacking itself, determine whether they help or hurt weight loss.
Read more →Social Eating Pressure
People eat more when they eat with others — social settings lengthen meals and loosen portion control.
Read more →Social Jetlag
Social jetlag is the misalignment between your body clock and social schedule, which disrupts metabolism and contributes to weight gain.
Read more →Social Support for Weight Loss
Social support from family, friends, and peer groups significantly improves weight loss outcomes and long-term maintenance.
Read more →Sodium and Weight Management
High sodium intake causes water retention, temporary scale fluctuations, and higher blood pressure, so cutting salt supports steadier weight loss.
Read more →Somatostatin Analogues and Weight
Somatostatin analogues are injections that switch down several gut and pituitary hormones, and they can reduce appetite in some hormone-driven forms of weight gain.
Read more →Soup and Weight Management
Broth-based soup is mostly water, so it fills the stomach for very few calories and reliably reduces how much is eaten at the next meal.
Read more →Stair Climbing for Weight Loss
Stair climbing is an efficient, free way to burn extra energy and improve fitness by choosing stairs over lifts and escalators.
Read more →Standing Desks and Energy Expenditure
Standing instead of sitting while you work burns a little more energy and can support weight management when combined with other healthy habits.
Read more →Staple Line Leak After Bariatric Surgery
A staple line leak is a rare but serious complication in which stomach contents escape through the surgical seal, usually in the first week.
Read more →Statins and Weight
Statins protect against heart attacks and strokes and are essentially weight-neutral, but they are not weight-loss drugs.
Read more →Step Counting for Weight Loss
Using a daily step target to increase everyday activity and create a steady calorie deficit.
Read more →Stimulus Control for Weight Loss
How changing your environment reduces temptation and supports lasting weight loss.
Read more →Stomach Botox for Weight Loss
Stomach Botox is a non-surgical, endoscopic weight loss procedure that relaxes stomach muscles to slow digestion and extend fullness for 3-6 months.
Read more →Stress Management
Stress management involves techniques that reduce the physiological and psychological impact of stress, which can directly affect weight through hormonal and behavioural pathways.
Read more →Stretching and Mobility for Weight Management
Stretching and mobility work build the flexibility and joint comfort that keep you active enough to lose weight.
Read more →Stroke Risk and Obesity
Obesity significantly raises stroke risk through hypertension, inflammation, and arterial plaque — but weight loss can reverse many of these risk factors.
Read more →Subcutaneous Fat
Subcutaneous fat is the soft fat under your skin that insulates the body and stores energy, and is generally less harmful than visceral fat.
Read more →Sugar Substitutes
Zero- or low-calorie sweeteners, both natural and artificial, that help reduce sugar and calorie intake.
Read more →Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Weight Gain
Why sugary drinks are a leading driver of weight gain and how cutting them supports weight loss.
Read more →Sulphonylureas and Weight Gain
Sulphonylureas are diabetes tablets that can cause weight gain by raising insulin levels - and there are often weight-friendly alternatives.
Read more →Survodutide
A dual GLP-1/glucagon receptor agonist with potential benefits for both weight loss and liver health.
Read more →Swimming for Weight Loss
Swimming burns substantial calories with almost no joint load, suiting people with joint pain or a high body weight.
Read more →Table Tennis for Weight Loss
Table tennis is a low-impact, high-agility sport that burns calories, sharpens reaction time and is easy to keep playing as you get older.
Read more →Tai Chi for Weight Management
Tai chi is a low-impact movement practice that supports stress, balance and sustainable activity habits.
Read more →Temptation Bundling for Weight Loss
Temptation bundling pairs an activity you enjoy with a healthy behaviour you avoid, so the treat motivates you to keep doing the healthy thing.
Read more →Tesamorelin
Tesamorelin is an injectable growth-hormone-releasing analogue that helps reduce harmful belly (visceral) fat, used in specific medical settings.
Read more →Tesofensine
An investigational triple reuptake inhibitor that suppresses appetite by increasing serotonin, noradrenaline, and dopamine in the brain.
Read more →Testosterone Replacement Therapy and Body Composition
Testosterone replacement can shift body composition toward less fat and more muscle in men with low testosterone.
Read more →The Plate Method
The Plate Method is a simple visual guide for balanced meals — half vegetables, quarter protein, quarter whole grains — that controls portions naturally.
Read more →Therapeutic Phlebotomy and Metabolic Health
Therapeutic phlebotomy removes a measured amount of blood to lower excess iron, and in metabolic syndrome it can modestly improve insulin sensitivity and blood pressure.
Read more →Thermic Effect of Food (TEF)
The thermic effect of food is the energy your body uses to digest, absorb, and process the nutrients from the food you eat.
Read more →Thermogenesis
Thermogenesis is the body's calorie-burning heat production process, influenced by diet, exercise, and environment.
Read more →Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) and Weight Gain
Thiazolidinediones are diabetes tablets that lower blood sugar but commonly cause weight gain and fluid retention.
Read more →Thigh Lift (Thighplasty)
Removing loose thigh skin after weight loss, incision options, and recovery considerations.
Read more →Thrifty Gene Hypothesis
The evolutionary theory that genes which once aided survival through famine now predispose people to weight gain in food-rich environments.
Read more →Thyroid Hormone Therapy for Weight Loss
The unapproved use of thyroid hormone medicines to induce weight loss, which does not work at safe doses and is dangerous at high doses.
Read more →Time-Restricted Eating
Eating within a set daily window to align with your body's natural rhythms — a simple approach to weight management.
Read more →Tirzepatide
A dual-action weekly injection that targets two hormone pathways for powerful appetite control and weight loss.
Read more →Tofu and Weight Management
Tofu is a low-calorie, high-protein soy food that helps control appetite and protect muscle during weight loss.
Read more →Topiramate
Topiramate is a medication that reduces appetite and is used in combination with phentermine (Qsymia) for chronic weight management, achieving 8–10% body weight reduction.
Read more →Topiramate for Weight Management
A medication used at low doses to reduce appetite and support weight loss, often combined with phentermine.
Read more →Total Daily Energy Expenditure (TDEE)
Total Daily Energy Expenditure (TDEE) is the total calories your body burns daily, combining basal metabolism, digestion and physical activity.
Read more →Trampoline Exercise for Weight Loss
Rebounding on a trampoline is a low-impact, joint-friendly way to raise your heart rate and burn calories.
Read more →Transoral Gastric Outlet Reduction (TORe)
TORe is a minimally invasive endoscopic procedure that tightens a stretched gastric pouch outlet after gastric bypass to help patients who have regained weight.
Read more →Transpyloric Shuttle
The Transpyloric Shuttle is a small, soft device placed in the stomach through an endoscope that slows how quickly food empties, helping you feel full longer.
Read more →Travel and Weight Management
Travel and Weight Management: simple planning strategies that keep your weight-loss progress on track while you are away from home.
Read more →Turmeric and Weight Management
What the evidence really shows about curcumin supplements for weight loss — small effects, poor absorption and real interactions.
Read more →Type 1 Diabetes and Weight Management
People with type 1 diabetes can manage their weight safely by balancing insulin, food and activity - and losing weight can improve blood sugar control.
Read more →Type 2 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes is a chronic condition where the body becomes resistant to insulin or does not produce enough, often linked to excess weight.
Read more →Ultra-Processed Foods and Weight Gain
Ultra-processed foods are industrially manufactured products with added sugars, fats, and additives that can drive overeating and weight gain when consumed regularly.
Read more →Ultrasound Cavitation
Ultrasound cavitation is a non-surgical body-contouring treatment that produces small, localised fat reduction in selected areas.
Read more →Ultrasound-Assisted Liposuction (VASER)
A body-contouring procedure that uses ultrasound energy to break up fat before removal.
Read more →Urinary Incontinence and Obesity
The link between excess weight and urine leakage, and how weight loss helps.
Read more →Vagal Nerve Blocking (vBloc)
A pacemaker-like implant that blocks hunger signals between the brain and stomach — a reversible, device-based weight loss option.
Read more →Valproate and Weight Gain
Why valproate is among the most weight-promoting anticonvulsants, and how patients on it are monitored.
Read more →Vegetables and Weight Management
Vegetables fill you up for very few calories - making them half your plate is one of the simplest ways to eat less without feeling deprived.
Read more →Venous Thromboembolism and Obesity
A serious condition where blood clots form in deep veins — a risk significantly elevated by obesity due to chronic inflammation, impaired fibrinolysis, and reduced mobility.
Read more →Vertical Banded Gastroplasty
Vertical banded gastroplasty is an older restrictive weight loss surgery that creates a small stomach pouch — now largely replaced by more effective modern procedures.
Read more →Very Low-Calorie Diet (VLCD)
A medically supervised diet providing 800 or fewer calories daily through formulated meal replacements for rapid initial weight loss.
Read more →Visceral fat
Visceral fat is the fat stored deep in the abdominal cavity, surrounding internal organs.
Read more →Vitamin B12 Deficiency and Obesity
Why people with obesity, and anyone on metformin or after weight loss surgery, are more prone to low vitamin B12.
Read more →Vitamin D Deficiency and Obesity
Obesity increases vitamin D deficiency risk as fat cells trap this vitamin, reducing its availability.
Read more →Volumetrics Diet
The Volumetrics diet focuses on filling, low-calorie-density foods like fruits and vegetables to feel satisfied while consuming fewer calories.
Read more →Volunteering and Weight Management
Volunteering keeps you moving and socially connected — two durable supports for long-term weight control.
Read more →Waist circumference
Waist circumference is a measurement around the abdomen that helps assess central obesity and related health risks.
Read more →Waist Trainers and Weight Loss
Waist trainers compress the torso so the waist looks smaller while worn, but they do not burn fat or produce lasting weight loss and can cause reflux and breathing restriction.
Read more →Waist-to-Height Ratio
Waist-to-height ratio compares your waist to your height to flag harmful central fat, using the simple 'less than half your height' rule.
Read more →Waist-to-Hip Ratio
A simple measurement comparing waist to hip circumference that helps assess fat distribution and metabolic risk.
Read more →Walking for Weight Loss
Walking is a safe, low-impact exercise that burns calories, improves fitness and supports long-term weight loss when done briskly and regularly.
Read more →Water Weight (Fluid Retention)
What water weight is, why the scale fluctuates, and how to tell it apart from fat gain.
Read more →Weekend Warrior Exercise
The weekend warrior pattern means fitting most of your weekly exercise into one or two days — and research shows it can still be effective for weight management.
Read more →Wegovy
Wegovy is a brand of semaglutide specifically approved for chronic weight management in adults with obesity or overweight with weight-related conditions.
Read more →Weight Cycling (Yo-Yo Dieting)
Weight cycling is the repeated pattern of losing and regaining weight, often from following unsustainable diets that cannot be maintained long-term.
Read more →Weight Loss Maintenance
Weight loss maintenance is the challenging phase of keeping weight off after losing it, requiring sustained healthy habits and continued support.
Read more →Weight Loss Medication Adherence
How consistently weight-loss medication is taken predicts results more than which drug is chosen.
Read more →Weight Loss Plateaus
A weight loss plateau is a normal phase where weight stops decreasing despite continued effort, caused by metabolic adaptation — and it can be overcome with the right medical guidance.
Read more →Weight management
Weight management is a comprehensive, medically supervised approach to achieving and maintaining a healthy body weight.
Read more →Weight Regain After Bariatric Surgery
Some weight regain after weight-loss surgery is common - and it can usually be reversed with the right medical support.
Read more →Weight Regain After Stopping GLP-1 Medications
Most people regain much of the weight within a year of stopping GLP-1 medications — an exit plan matters as much as the prescription.
Read more →Weight Stigma
Negative attitudes, stereotypes, and discrimination directed at individuals based on their body weight, recognised as a barrier to effective healthcare.
Read more →Whey Protein and Weight Management
A fast-digesting protein supplement that supports fullness, muscle preservation and weight loss.
Read more →Whole Grains and Weight Management
Fibre-rich grains such as brown rice and oats that keep you full and support steady blood sugar.
Read more →Workplace Wellness Programmes for Weight Management
Workplace wellness programmes bring weight-management support into the office through screening, coaching and healthy environment changes.
Read more →Yoga for Weight Management
A mind-body practice combining physical postures, breathing techniques, and meditation that supports weight management through stress reduction and mindful awareness.
Read more →Zinc and Weight Management
Zinc supports insulin and thyroid function, and deficiency is common in obesity and after bariatric surgery.
Read more →Zonisamide for Weight Loss
An anticonvulsant medication with appetite-suppressing effects, sometimes used off-label for weight management.
Read more →Ready to Start Your Journey?
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